|
Sacral neuromodulation (SNS) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a third-line treatment for refractory overactive bladder, idiopathic urinary retention and fecal incontinence. Prior to implantation of an implantable pulse generator, all patients undergo a trial phase to ensure symptom improvement. The published success rates of progression from the test phase to permanent implant vary widely (range, 24% to >90%).
|