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Delirium was linked to long-term cognitive decline in both surgical and nonsurgical patients, a meta-analysis showed. Patients who experienced an episode of delirium were more than twice as likely to show long-term cognitive decline than patients without delirium, reported Terry Goldberg, Ph.D., of Columbia University in New York City, and co-authors. Delirium was associated with long-term cognitive decline with a Hedges g effect size of 0.45 in a meta-analysis of 23 observational studies (after one outlier study with an exceptionally high OR was excluded), they wrote in JAMA Neurology. Effect sizes were similar between surgical and nonsurgical groups.
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