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Urinary tract infections, or UTIs, are one of the most common bacterial infections in the world. With some serious exceptions, they can usually be treated with off-the-shelf prescription antibiotics, and since the symptoms are easily recognized, physicians commonly prescribe antibiotics without waiting for a lab test. The infections are usually resolved within a week. But up to 20% of UTI infections — as many as 30 million a year worldwide — don't respond to conventional antibiotics. These are often caused by a particularly resistant microbe known as ESBL-producing bacteria.
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