Reducing the operating temperature of ceramic fuel cells (CFCs) from 800° to 1000°C to the 300°-to-500°C range would improve efficiency, sealing, durability, and cost while still maintaining favorable electrode reaction kinetics as compared with those of low-temperature fuel cells such as polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Developing stable electrolytes with a low ionic resistance and negligible electronic conductivity, however, is challenging. In principle, reducing the electrolyte thickness can reduce the resistance.
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